Pangong Tso Lake: Facts & Features | Location [UPSC 100%]

Pangong Tso lake is a high-altitude lake situated in Ladakh, India. The lake is one of the largest saltwater lakes in Asia and is renowned for its clear blue waters and breathtaking scenery.

Pangong Tso has become a popular tourist destination due to its unique location, beautiful landscape, and mesmerizing reflections of the surrounding mountains in the water. In this article, we will explore the history, geography, and other important aspects of Pangong Tso.

History & Culture

Pangong Tso has great significance in the culture and history of the Ladakh region. The lake is believed to have been formed millions of years ago due to tectonic activity. According to local folklore, the lake is home to a mythical creature called “Lukung,” which is said to reside in the deep waters of the lake.

The locals consider the lake to be a sacred place and believe that it has healing powers. The lake has also been mentioned in various Buddhist texts and is considered a holy site by the Buddhist community.

Important Facts of Pangong Tso Lake

• Pangong Tso Lake is a Tibetan name for ‘high grassland lake’. It is also commonly known as Pangong Lake.
• It is a long, narrow, and deep endorheic (landlocked) lake located at an altitude of about 4,350 meters in the Himalayas.
• The lake is 134 km long and extends from India to the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR) of China.
• It is a brackish water lake, which means it has a higher salt concentration than freshwater but lower than seawater.
• The lake is an endorheic lake, which means it has no outflow of water to rivers or oceans.
• India holds only one-third of the lake, while the remaining two-thirds are under Chinese control.
• The lake has mountain spurs of the Chang Chenmo range jetting down, which are divided into eight parts and referred to as fingers.
• The Line of Actual Control (LAC) between India and China is a source of ongoing territorial disputes, with the Chinese claiming that the LAC is at finger 4 and India’s perceived LAC is at finger 8.
• The differences in perception of LAC are much higher on the north bank of the lake compared to the south bank, which leads to frequent disputes in the area.

Tourism and Attractions

Pangong Tso has become a popular tourist destination in recent years due to its unique beauty and stunning scenery. The lake is a must-visit for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts. The best time to visit Pangong Tso is from May to September when the weather is pleasant and the lake is accessible. During the winter months, the lake freezes over and is inaccessible.

There are several attractions around the lake that visitors can explore. Some of the popular attractions are:

1. Chang La Pass
2. Tso Moriri Lake
3. Hemis National Park
4. Thiksey Monastery
5. Shey Monastery
6. Hemis Monastery
7. Stargazing points around Pangong Tso
8. Wildlife spotting areas around Pangong Tso.

The table shows the popular tourist spots around Pangong Tso:

Tourist Spot	Description
Chang La Pass	Another high-altitude lake is located in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. It is surrounded by snow-capped mountains and is a popular destination for camping and trekking.
Tso Moriri Lake	A protected area located in the eastern Ladakh region. It is home to several endangered species such as the snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, and Eurasian brown bear.
Hemis National Park	Pangong Tso is home to several species of birds such as the black-necked crane and Brahminy duck. Visitors can also spot fish species such as bar-headed trout and snow trout in the lake.
Monasteries	The region around Pangong Tso is home to several ancient monasteries such as Thiksey Monastery, Hemis Monastery, and Shey Monastery. These monasteries offer a glimpse into the region’s rich cultural heritage and are a popular tourist attraction.
Stargazing points	Due to the high altitude and lack of light pollution, Pangong Tso is an ideal destination for stargazing. Visitors can witness a clear view of the night sky and admire the Milky Way galaxy.
Wildlife spotting areas	Pangong Tso is home to several species of birds such as black-necked crane and Brahminy duck. Visitors can also spot fish species such as bar-headed trout and snow trout in the lake.

Fingers within the Pangong Tso Lake

Pangong Tso Lake is known for its unique feature of having several fingers or extensions that stretch out from the main body of the lake. These fingers are basically smaller, narrow inlets of the lake that extend toward the surrounding hills and mountains. The most famous of these fingers is the one that extends towards the Chinese side of the Line of Actual Control (LAC), which is a source of ongoing territorial disputes between India and China.

The lake has a total of five fingers, with the largest being about 8 km in length. The other fingers vary in size, with some extending only for a few hundred meters. These fingers have become a popular tourist attraction and visitors often go on walks along the lake’s shores to explore these extensions.

The fingers of Pangong Tso Lake are believed to have been formed by geological forces that shaped the surrounding mountains and hills. The lake is located in an area that is seismically active, and the movements of the earth’s crust over millions of years are said to have led to the formation of these fingers.

The unique feature of the fingers adds to the beauty of the lake, and visitors can witness the stunning hues of blue and green as the water changes colors under the sun. The fingers also provide a habitat for several species of birds and fish, making it a popular spot for wildlife enthusiasts and birdwatchers.

However, it’s important to note that access to some of the fingers may be restricted due to security concerns, especially the one that extends towards the Chinese side. Visitors are advised to follow the rules and regulations set by the authorities and respect the delicate ecosystem of the lake.

Must Read: Chilika Lake

Conclusion

Pangong Tso is a unique destination that offers a breathtaking view of the Himalayas and is a must-visit for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts. The lake has great cultural and historical significance and is home to several species of fish and birds.

However, the increasing tourist activity around the lake has resulted in environmental concerns, and it is important to take steps to protect the delicate ecosystem of the lake. By implementing sustainable tourism practices, we can ensure that Pangong Tso remains a beautiful destination for generations to come.

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