Namdapha Flying Squirrel: IUCN Status & Facts (UPSC)
The Namdapha Flying Squirrel (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) is a critically endangered species found in India. It is native to Arunachal Pradesh in the northeastern part of the country. This unique squirrel is arboreal and lives in trees, moreover, it is nocturnal, meaning it is active at night.
The species is named after Namdapha National Park, where it was first discovered. It has become an important focus for wildlife conservationists and environmentalists. This article will explore the physical features, habitat, conservation status, and significance of the Namdapha Flying Squirrel. It is a must-read for anyone interested in wildlife, including UPSC aspirants.
Table of Contents
Namdapha Flying Squirrel
The Namdapha Flying Squirrel is an arboreal and nocturnal species that belongs to the family of flying squirrels. It is part of the genus Biswamoyopterus, which includes a rare group of flying squirrels known for their gliding abilities.
This species was first discovered in 1981 and is named after Namdapha National Park in Arunachal Pradesh, where it was discovered. Its unique ability to glide and its limited habitat makes it one of the 43 known flying squirrel species in the world.
Physical Characteristics of the Namdapha Flying Squirrel
- Size: The Namdapha Flying Squirrel has a body length of about 40.5 cm (15.9 in) from head to vent, with a tail length of around 60 cm (24 in).
- Distinctive Fur: It features reddish, grizzled fur on its upper body and a pale grey crown. Its underparts are white, which helps it blend into the forest environment.
- Gliding Membrane (Patagium): The squirrel has an orangish patagium, or gliding membrane, that stretches between its forelimbs and hind limbs.
- Hindfoot and Ears: The squirrel has a large hindfeet measuring 7.8 cm (3.1 in) and long ears that are 4.6 cm (1.8 in).
- Tail: The Namdapha Flying Squirrel has a long tail, measuring 60 cm (24 in).
Conservation Status
- IUCN Red List:Â Critically Endangered
- Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972:Â Schedule I
Habitat and Distribution
The Namdapha Flying Squirrel is endemic to the Namdapha National Park in Arunachal Pradesh, located in the northeastern part of India. The squirrel inhabits Mesua ferrea jungles, particularly on hill slopes in the catchment area of the Dihing River, mainly found on the western slope of the Patkai Range.
- Recent Sightings: In April 2022, a potential sighting of the Namdapha Flying Squirrel was reported, and efforts are being made to confirm its presence through DNA analysis of collected fecal samples.
- Habitat Type: It prefers tall, dense forests where it can glide and find food. The region is characterized by a range of altitudes, from lowland tropical forests to high-altitude temperate zones, providing a diverse and rich ecosystem for wildlife.
Diet and Feeding Behavior
The Namdapha Flying Squirrel is mainly a herbivore and enjoys a variety of plant-based foods:
- Fruits and Nuts: These are the primary components of their diet and help in dispersing seeds throughout the forest.
- Seeds, Flowers, and Tree Sap: The squirrel also feeds on seeds, flowers, and sap from different trees.
- Dietary Role: As a frugivore and granivore, the squirrel’s feeding habits are important for the ecosystem, especially in helping to regenerate forest plants.
This is all about the Namdapha Flying Squirrel and its home in Namdapha National Park. If you have questions or want to learn more, please leave a comment below. We’d love to hear from you! If you liked this article, please like and share it.
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